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Data mining in the pioneering age of online dictionaries
The history of the dictionary
The following account provides a rough outline of the evolution of the
dictioniary. More details can be found in the Milestones for the years
1995 - 2006 und 2006 - 2011.
I The pioneers (1995 - 1999)
The idea to create a German-English dictionary, which was initially
intended for internal use only but was subsequently developed with the
new media environment and the World Wide Web in mind, was conceived by
Achim Jung. It was inspired partly by a quest for new challenges in the
field of IT and partly by a sense of "frustration" - existing
German-English dictionaries did not yet contain entries for IT terms and
finding the right translation was a tedious undertaking. Initially hosted
on a machine of the Institut für Informatik at the
TU-München and offering only basic content and features, the
project soon gathered pace and saw its content and popularity rise.
Already back then, leafing through dictionaries, which was tiresome and
more often than not futile, held much less appeal than searching for a
translation online with the help of new media tools, even if the latter
sometimes also (still) proved to be unsuccessful.
While the dictionary was still in its maiden year, its founder, Achim
Jung, passed over work on the dictionary to Peter Kai Wimmer who received
support in the years to follow from Mike Gendreyzig, Stephan Haslbeck,
Marc Sihling and Christian Werner. During this first phase, improvements
included a first attempt at a structured page layout, word lists were
sent to volunteers for correction, forms were integrated for feedback and
new entries, and a guest book was set up. Above all, however, what was
initially a rather humble collection of words grew to a sizeable list of
170,000 entries. This shows that from the very beginning, the dictionary
thrived on the symbiosis between the dictionary team and the dictionary's
users who contributed many private word lists.
The end of this period was marked by the last of the pioneers leaving the field of research for a career outside the university setting.
Employees answering translation queries (using the latest
technology)
The history of the dictionary
II New dictionary software (2000 - 2006)
Along with the changes in the team came a change in server technology.
Over the Christmas holidays 1999, Elmar Bartel developed the very first
version of his dictQuery software which - after the expected
glitches and teething problems - was put into operation in February 2000.
The redesign of the software had become necessary because the constantly
increasing number of queries had become too great for the initial
infrastructure (based on Apache, Perl scripts and a Wais databasea) to
handle. To give you an idea of the difference between now and then:
while four queries per second used to be enough to bring the server to
its knees, the current (2010) dictQuery version - after a host of
modifications and revisions on its way to maturity - can now handle 700
queries per second with comparative ease.
The second phase was also a break from the previous content-management
approach. Instead of voluntary helpers and IT experts with only limited
language skills, the first qualified translator was hired to scrutinise
the content with her professional eye (something direly needed after the
previous years). This move was made possible by the TU München and the Deutsche Wissenschaftsnetz granting permission for the sale
of advertising space on the LEO website to fund the position. Other
milestones that were achieved in this period include the launch of the
German-French dictionary, the vocabulary trainer and discussion forums.
Herald announcing the start of LEO's independence before
the gates of
Munich (in the background Isar and Frauenkirche)
The history of the dictionary
III On the path to independence: LEO GmbH takes over (2006 - 2007)
Since 1 April 2006, the dictionary services have been provided by LEO
GmbH. While the team and the LEO concept - of offering all content for
free - remained unchanged, the whole setting of the venture changed on
more than one level: offices relocated from the north to the south of
Munich, entrepreneurial novices had to assume full
responsibility for all 'benefits and liabilities' (with all the
advantages and disadvantages that entailed), translators were offered
permanent contracts to guarantee continuity in the expansion and
maintenance of the dictionaries (difficult in the context of a technical
university), competition had to be faced up to without any ifs and buts,
and new server structures needed to be set up using a commercial hosting
service. In short, numerous technical and entrepreneurial hurdles had to
be overcome in the first two years until our lion felt settled in the new
environment.
The major challenges on a programming level included:
-
The integration of the German-Spanish dictionary.
-
The complete redesign of the
forum software which
among other things required the change to a PostgreSQL database
because the old software was no longer capable of handling the flood
of postings.
-
The expansion of the vocabulary trainer into a more powerful
language trainer
allowing users to set up study groups and upload their own exercises
and lessons.
Wiring and heat sinks of the new
state-of-the-art server solution
The history of the dictionary
IV New dictionaries and improved server availability (2008 - 2009)
2008 saw the launch of the Italian and Chinese dictionaries after a long
period of preparation. Chinese with its logographic writing system using
either simplified or traditional characters (with no spaces between words) supplemented by Pinyin transliteration, was previously unknown territory
and it took us two years to deal with all the problems the language
presented. As we believe that dictionaries without enough content are of
little use, we felt that one year's preparation for the Italian one was
the absolute minimum. Unperturbed by all these challenging demands, the
team was not afraid to take on the next project: Russian-German.
All the while, queries to the dictionary have continued to rise and have
required us to pay increasing attention to the issue of server
availability. We gladly accepted an offer of IP Exchange GmbH to set up
a second server location in Nuremberg in addition to the existing one in
Munich. While getting our services to run from two locations was no mean
feat, being able to provide the service via two separate arteries and
knowing that a complete outage is now impossible, was well worth the
effort. A total of 14 servers currently handle the queries to the
dictionaries, forums and trainers and at both locations, a load balancer
ensures that queries are evenly distributed to the dictionary servers.
Bowing to demands from users - German-Russian expands existing dictionary portfolio
The history of the dictionary
V Russian and new dictionary features (2010)
Even with a starting base as the foundation for our Russian-German
dictionary, it still took us a whole year to edit the content and make
the necessary technical adjustments. Apart from extracting the original
content into a file format which we could work with, the issue of the
Cyrillic alphabet, which is different to that of western European
languages and consequently requires a different character encoding
system, needed to be addressed, the original content to be tagged
according to our notation system, the dictionary pages to be translated,
and the forums and trainer to be set up .... This may serve as an
explanation for why the 'wish list' of desired new language pairs grows
much faster than our actual dictionary portfolio.
Another reason for the moderately-paced growth is the fact that much of
our attention has been taken up by the new version of the language trainer which offers the possibility of searching for inflected words from within
a text so that users can easily put together word lists for exercises
they have uploaded. In the last one and a half years, we have been
working hard on algorithms that can derive possible base forms from
inflected words which are normally not included in the dictionaries.
This, however, is a major project that is far from complete and will
probably keep us busy for the foreseeable future. The new search
algorithms enable us to offer users the option of searching comfortably
for words from within a text. Using the dictionaries in the so-called
text mode, a whole text can be entered in a text field and a click on one
or several words in the field will bring up a list of translations. This
means words do not necessarily have to be typed in the search field
anymore.
Transmitting the instructions for the first
LEO dictionary app
with an early smart-phone device
The history of the dictionary
VI Apps - The future is mobile (2010/2011)
The first attempts at making the dictionaries not only virtual but also mobile
were rather feeble - which is no surprise given the technical possibilities.
Between November 1999 and April 2000 users could (if they were lucky) consult
the dictionaries on certain mobile phones via
WAP (Wireless Access Protocol).
We ended the project on 15 April 2000, as documented in the "milestones" where
you will find the laconic explanation: "Suspension of the WAP interface until
upgrade of dictQuery to multi protocol functionality". And in fact we dropped
the initiative without shedding a tear.
In a second attempt in November 2003, we set up a short messaging
service in cooperation with burdawireless GmbH. But expectations turned out to be significantly higher than demand and after many months
in which we didn't even make enough money with the service to buy each LEO
employee two scoops of ice cream, it was decided that we would drop it again -
the phone charges, the cumbersome way of sending a query and then having to
wait for the results as well as the data limit per SMS all proved to be
insurmountable obstacles.
It was only when smart-phones came on the scene that there was any dramatic
change: easy usability, the possibility of mobile Internet flatrates and larger displays also made solutions for mobile dictionaries appealing again. Since
LEO's resources are generally limited, we needed to wait and see which operating systems would establish themselves in the long-term. By the middle of February 2010 we were able to offer the first mobile solutions for Android, Blackberry,
iPhone and Palm. The run on the small downloadable applications (in short: apps) was in stark contrast to the disappointments of the first attempts mentioned
above:
in July 2011, we counted more than two million downloads for the
LEO apps
that were available at the time for the major operating systems.
The current team (we felt it wise to put mainly our Graces on view rather than spoil the picture with some of our more unsightly male members)
The team
| Management |
|
Hans (Kili) Riethmayer
|
Coordination, advertising, spelling tolerance
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| Hard- and software |
|
Elmar Bartel
|
Server development (dictQuery), analysis tools
|
|
Fabian
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Forum software, language trainer, personalisation
|
|
Martin
|
Bookmarklets, plugins, sound engineering
|
|
Uli
|
Hardware/LAN
|
|
Stephan
|
Redesign of vocabulary mapping from 'external to internal'
|
|
Georg
|
Smartphones
|
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Maritta
|
Webdesign
|
| Editorial staff |
|
German-English
|
|
Doris
|
Content management German-English dictionary
|
|
Verena
|
Content management German-English dictionary
|
|
David
|
English pronunciation sound files
|
|
German-French
|
Céline
Justine
|
Content management German-French dictionary, idiomatic French
|
|
German-Spanish
|
|
Mercè
|
Content management German-Spanish dictionary
|
|
German-Chinese
|
|
Richard
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Content-management German-Chinese dictionary
|
|
Ran
|
Chinese editorial support, Chinese localisation
|
|
German-Italian
|
|
Fabio
|
Content management German-Italian dictionary
|
|
German-Russian
|
Victoria
Larissa
|
Content management German-Russian dictionary
|
|
German-Portuguese/Brazilian
|
Caro
Julia
|
Content management German-Portuguese dictionary
|
|
German-Polish
|
|
Justine
|
Content management German-Polish dictionary
|
|
Administration
|
|
Claudia
|
Accounting
|
Inscription: "In memory of the clandestine founders' meeting
held in the district of Sauerlach on the occasion of the start-up of
LEO GmbH on 1 April 2006"
Milestones 2006-2010
| 2011 |
The latest developments are reported on the
News page,
older news can be found under
News 2011.
|
| 2010-04 until 2010-12 |
Since all developments are documented in detail on our News page, we would
like to refer you to the
News 2010
if you want to read up on all the changes that took place in 2010.
|
| 2010-02-18 |
Following the latest trends in technology, we have complemented the
existing solution for small-screen devices
pda.leo.org
with applications for smart-phones including Android, BlackBerry, iPhone
and Palm.
Fabian Heuwieser developed the solution for 'BB' and Stefan Henze the one
for Palm while the LEO team provided the Android and iPhone apps.
|
| 2010-11-16 |
Céline succeeds Fabienne as new editor of the German-French dictionary
as Fabienne moves back to her home country.
|
| 2009-09-16 |
A cooperation with Gabler Verlag allows us to offer our users German
definitions for important economic terms.
|
| 2009-04-01 |
The third anniversary of LEO GmbH sees a number of staff changes:
-
Luca Melchior has taken on a new job and is currently
introducing his successor, Fabio D'Agostini, to the editorial ins and outs
of the German-Italian dictionary.
But, even though he has a new job, Luca has not left LEO completely; he will continue to work for us, but for fewer hours.
Victoria Lessina has taken on the challenge of editing the data
provided by ABBYY Europe for the German-Russian dictionary in compliance
with our standards -- a gigantic task that will require a lot of work!
-
Manuel Rösner is to lend the team a hand in the Sisyphean task of
coordinating the various language verions of the constantly growing
facilities in the vocab trainers and forum sections.
|
| 2009-02-18 |
ABBYY Europe GmbH provides a
generous starting base for the creation of a German-Russian dictionary as
part of a cooperation agreement with LEO.
|
| 2009-02-15 |
Testing starts for the new pronunciation feature which we will use for
all Roman languages. The pronunciation is generated by
Voice Reader, a software developed by
Linguatec GmbH
(see milestone 2008-10-30), and is available for all entries apart from
those that have been recorded by a member of the LEO team.
|
| 2009-01-30 |
The correct stroke order for writing Chinese characters is now illustrated
by an animated, as well as a static, sequence of strokes.
The animations and pictures are based on the eStroke online software by
EON Media Limited.
|
| 2009-01-13 |
Official release of
Lion
version 3.0.1, see milestone 2008-08-11
|
| 2008-12-05 |
A generous offer from our IT provider,
IP Exchange GmbH,
has enabled us to set up a second location in Nuremberg to which we
have moved some of the servers that were previously located in Munich.
This reduces the likelihood of a service outage to a minimum.
|
| 2008-10/11 |
Within a short period autumn proves that it can also do sunshine and
not just mist and fog - at least metaphorically speaking as regards
dictionary queries:
|
|
20 Oct.:
|
The German-Spanish dictionary for the first time records over 1 million
queries per day.
|
|
|
4 Nov.:
|
The German-English dictionary for the first time records more than 12
million queries per day.
|
|
|
17 Nov.:
|
The German-French dictionary for the first time records over 2 million
queries per day.
|
Other figures also show positive development. At the moment, the daily
statistics looks as follows:
-
up to 800 new forum threads are started per day
-
users post up to 5,000 follow-ups to existing discussions
-
around 550 new members register for our forums and/or language trainer
(14 days after the start of the latest version of the language trainer the
number of new registrations was even as high as 1,750)
-
around 4,000 users per day log on to work with the forums and/or trainer
|
| 2008-10-30 |
After lengthy preparatory work we have finally put the finishing touches
on the new
language trainer
which has now been officially released.
Über den Leistungsumfang des früheren Vokabeltrainers hinaus können
sich Nutzer zu Lerngruppen zusammenschließen, neben dem Vokabellernen
können Übungen erstellt, zu Lektionen zusammengefasst und allgemein bzw.
in Lerngruppen geübt werden. Durch den Einsatz der Sprachsoftware Voice
Reader der
Linguatec GmbH
können sich unsere Nutzer Übungstexte vorlesen lassen.
|
| 2008-10-02 |
The
PDA version
of our site is now also available for German-Italian and German-Chinese.
|
| 2008-09-15 |
Xiomara Molina Romero joins the team to support Mercè Escoda with the
German-Spanish dictionary.
|
| 2008-08-28 |
Aus den ursprünglichen 83.000 Einträgen des Deutsch-Italienisch-Wörterbuchs
sind nunmehr über 100.000 geworden - innerhalb von knapp fünf Monaten hat
sich Deutsch-Italienisch zu einem vollwertigen LEO-Wörterbuch gemausert (-:
|
| 2008-08-11 |
Mit dem heutigen Tag steht die Version 3.0 von
Lion
zur Verfügung. Wesentliche Erweiterungen betreffen die Unterstützung des
Deutsch-Italienisch-Wörterbuchs und von Windows Vista. Erfreulich für unsere
Privatnutzer: Wir bieten die neue Vollversion kostenlos an (von Firmenkunden
erheben wir weiterhin eine Sharewaregebühr).
|
| 2008-04-03 |
Zwei Jahre, nachdem die LEO-GmbH den Wörterbuchservice übernommen hat,
können wir mit Deutsch-Italienisch und Deutsch-Chinesisch die Wörterbücher
Nummer vier und fünf zur Verfügung stellen. Mit Chinesisch verlässt LEO
erstmals den mitteleuropäischen Sprachraum und alphabetische Schriftsysteme.
|
| 2008-01-25 |
Optimierung des Cursorverhaltens (wo sinnvoll, muss der Cursor nicht mehr
in das Eingabefeld gesetzt werden) und Aktualisierung der
FAQ-Seiten.
|
| 2007-12-19 |
Idiomatic French: After extensive groundwork, we are are finally able to complement our French Dictionary with a
Guide to idiomatic usage in French.
|
| 2007-12-06 |
New language trainer enters crucial test phase: The
language trainer is no longer just a tool for vocabulary learning, it also enables users to learn in a group and create their own language exercises and a whole range of other things. Since the technical implementation is rather complex, we are once more relying on feedback from our users. The language trainer replaces the previous vocabulary trainer.
|
| 2007-12-01 |
The French dictionary loses its voice: Nathalie Maupetit's voice
will be needed by her family in the forseeable future - this puts the pronunciation recordings for the French dictionary on hold.
|
| 2007-11-15 |
English pronunciation: In David Gough we have found a speaker for our English dictionary with a very British pronunciation. Apart from the sound files for American English on Merriam-Webster, which require several clicks via the i-links, we are now also offering sound files for British English on our own site.
|
| 2007-10-15 |
LEO is now also available via 'leo.de': Thanks to the generous offer of
Carl Zeiss AG
to transfer ownership of the domain leo.de to LEO, our users may now also access our services via this domain.
|
| 2007-10-09 |
New record queries: The German-English dictionary for the first time recorded over 10 million queries in one day.
|
| 2007-09-01 |
New hosting: We have recently changed hosts and our service components (servers, load balancers) are now co-located by
IP Exchange GmbH
in the heart of Munich. Amongst other things, this helped to increase reliability of our service.
|
| 2007-08-31 |
New editorial staff for German-French dictionary: We are sad to say goodbye to Michaela Scherer who is leaving our team and with it the French dictionary which grew under her loving care for three and a half years. Fabienne Campariol and Justine Ackermann are two highly competent successors who will no doubt accompany the French dictionary into an exciting future.
|
| 2007-03-20 |
German-Spanish dictionary breaks 500,000 barrier: The German-Spanish dictionary takes its first big hurdle only half a year after being
launched.
|
| 2007-03-15 |
DWDS: The Digitale Wörterbuch der
deutschen Sprache des 20. Jh. has launched a new version benefitting
from a considerable rise in entries and a more user-friendly layout.
The dictionary provides definitions and context information for German
terms.
|
| 2007-03-13 |
LEO teams up with RAE: With the kind permission of
Real Academia
Española, users of our German-Spanish dictionary can now look up
definitions for a number of Spanish entries.
|
| 2007-03-01 |
Work starts on German-Italian: March sees new team member
Luca Melchior start work on a German-Italian dictionary.
Preparations are likely to take at least until the end of 2007.
|
| 2007-02-18 |
French pronunciation: In a first attempt at providing our
own pronunciation solution, we have started recording French entries
in the German-French dictionary (voice: Nathalie Maupetit).
All verbs are completed, all other parts of speech are currently being
processed.
|
| 2006-12-01 |
More editorial staff for Chinese: The Chinese-German dictionary, still in its infancy, is getting Chinese native speaker help from Ran Li after the first issues regarding content and technical implementation were resolved.
|
| 2006-11-13 |
Total queries exceed 10,000,000 : Almost 8,500,000 queries in the
German-English, 1,100,000 in the German-French and just over 400,000 in
the German-Spanish dictionary take the number of total queries to over
10,000,000.
More figures: 400 new discussions on 13 November, 18,500 new
registrations (nicks) for the forums within just over a month,
over 2,000 users per day logging into the vocabulary trainer and more
than 6,000,000 word pairs saved in the personal sections of the vocabulary
trainer are proof of the fact that our services are getting more and more
popular also beyond the dictionary core business.
|
| 2006-11-06 |
German-French dictionary records over 1,000,000 queries: In its
first days after the launch in mid-February 2004, the dictionary recorded
20,000 queries a day; about a year later, on 31 May 05, the figure had
climbed to over 500,000 to continue its upward trend to finally reach
another golden milestone at 1,000,000. :-)
|
| 2006-10-03 |
New forums: Performance issues made a complete redevelopment of the
forums necessary (Fabian Riethmayer). Apart from new technology, new
features have been put in place, including optional registration to post
under a unique login, captchas for non-registered users to
combat spam, and new forum sections.
|
| 2006-08-03 |
New servers for the dictionaries: three Sun X4100 servers replace
the previously rented servers; a Foundry load balancer assigns
queries to the three servers to balance the work load.
With this we ensure that the dictionaries are running on powerful and
stable hardware.
|
| 2006-05-01 |
Preparatory work starts for German-Chinese: Richard Teschke joins the team on 1 May to deal with all the nitty-gritty involved in integrating our first non-Central European language.
|
|
| 2006-04-01 |
German-Spanish dictionary goes live: Thanks to the hard work and
dedication of Mercè Escoda, a third dictionary goes live at the same time
as the newly formed LEO GmbH takes up business.
The German-Spanish dictionary starts with 95,000 entries.
New vocabulary trainer: Also, a new version of the vocabulary trainer is now available. The developer, Fabian Riethmayer, has redesigned the
trainer to include better technology and provide a wider range of functions.
New link icons: The previous collection of individual icons for the
different links to external sites (grammar, spelling, pronunciation, etc.)
is replaced by one single link.
|
| 2006-04-01 |
LEO GmbH takes over dictionary-related services: An independent LEO
GmbH has been formed to unleash the full growth potential of the
dictionary-related services which was not possible within the
university setting.
The team as well as the idea of providing a free resource for everybody
remains unchanged.
|
Weather-beaten foundation pillar of the lion's den
Milestones 1995-2005
| 2005-Jan/Apr |
Ain't no record high enough
-
20 January: dictionary queries break the 5,200,000 barrier
-
15 February: dictionary queries break the 5,300,000 barrier
-
16 February: dictionary queries break the 5,400,000 barrier
-
19 April: dictionary queries break the 5,500,000 barrier
-
20 April: dictionary queries break the 5,600,000 barrier
|
| 2005-04-14 |
Lion back online
After a period of developing, fine-tuning and integrating, Lion is available for download as shareware.
Lion now supports all LEO dictionaries and allows users to replace words in MS Office documents with translations suggested in our results table with one click.
Lion is distributed together with Th. Schleinzer, the developer of Lion, and BFS finance Ltd.
|
| 2005-01-12 |
Dictionary records over 5,000,000 queries
The increase in queries continues unabated: within three months, LEO records a rise in queries of 1,000,000.
Today, our users looked up over 5,000,000 words in the dictionary with page views weighing in at around 6,000,000.
|
| 2004-Oct/Nov |
Up, up and away...
-
13 October: dictionary queries break the 4,200,000 barrier
-
19 October: dictionary queries break the 4,300,000 barrier
-
3 November: dictionary queries break the 4,400,000 barrier
-
8 November: dictionary queries break the 4,700,000 barrier (the 4,500,00 and 4,600,000 hurdles are taken on the following two days)
-
23 November: dictionary queries break the 4,800,000 barrier
|
| 2004-10-08 |
New dictionary software goes live
The new dictionary software comes complete with new design and includes the following changes:
all services (dictionaries, forums, vocabulary trainers) are now located under the same URL;
navigation bar; end of test phase for English vocabulary trainer and start of French vocabulary trainer;
standardised linking of active and archived forum articles;
improved solutions for dictionary integration in major browsers.
|
| 2004-10-01 |
Online access for PDAs
As of today, a small-screen version of our service is available on 'pda.leo.org'. It was specifically designed to meet the needs of users accessing LEO on handheld devices, ensuring minimal horizontal scrolling.
|
| 2004-09-21 |
New records for German-English and German-French dictionary
Less than a year after breaking the 3,000,000 mark, the German-English dictionary counts a remarkable 4,000,000
queries (and just under 5,000,000 page views.) Five minutes later, and six months after its inauguration,
the German-French dictionary breaks the more humble but nonetheless noteworthy record of 200,000 queries per day.
|
| 2004-09-14 |
dictionary queries break the 3,900,000 barrier
|
| 2004-09-13 |
dictionary queries break the 3,800,000 barrier
|
| 2004-08-25 |
New dictionary version enters test phase
The new dictionary software is put to the test by our forum members.
|
| 2004-08-24 |
More than 400,000 dictionary entries
Mainly thanks to Verena's unwavering dedication, the German-English dictionary
now counts more than 400,000 (symmetrical) entries. This corresponds to more than
800,000 entries in conventional dictionaries.
|
| 2004-04-26 |
3,700,000 dictionary queries
|
| 2004-04-01 |
Doris Leibold joins the team. Her main responsibilities are the revision of forum and dictionary structures as well as the evaluation of forum discussions.
|
| 2004-01-14 |
First day with more than 3,400,000 queries
|
| 2004-01-09 |
The vocabulary trainer is launched on a test server; for the first time in the history of the dictionary project, users are required to give personal details so that we can assign personal vocabulary pools to them.
|
| 2004-01-01 |
Michaela Scherer joins the team. She is in charge of developing and maintaining the German-French dictionary.
|
| 2003-12-15 |
LEO sets to work on the German-French dictionary. Thanks to cooperation with Leinhäuser und Partner Fachübersetzungen, we will be able to launch the dictionary with approx. 130,000 entries.
|
| 2003-11-10 |
First day with over 3,300,000 queries
|
| 2003-11-10 |
Dictionary queries via Short Messaging Service are made possible through cooperation with burdawireless-GmbH. In addition to the browser version, the dictionary's software dictQuery now also delivers results in a reduced version suitable for small display devices. - Special thanks to Nils Reimelt who, on the part of burdawireless-GmbH, contributed enormously towards the realisation of this service.
|
| 2003-11-04 |
First day with over 3,200,000 queries
|
| 2003-10-21 |
Integration of German pronunciation as a result of cooperation with ATIP-GmbH - many thanks to Fred Englert for promoting the technical implementation on the part of ATIP-GmbH. The synthesised voice is based on the PROSER/ATIP-Software and MBROLA.
|
| 2003-10-01 – 2003-12-31 |
LEO sponsors Perspektive-Deutschland, the "largest socio-political online survey in the world".
|
| 2003-10-15 |
First day with over 3,100,000 queries
|
| 2003-10-14 |
First day with over 3,000,000 queries - within a year of reaching 2 million!
|
| 2003-10-07 |
First day with over 2,900,000 queries
|
| 2003-05-14 |
LEO provides links to definitions of German words by integrating the Wörterbuch der deutschen Gegenwartssprache run by the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften.
|
| 2003-05-13 |
First day with over 2,800,000 queries - three hundred thousand steps within a week!
|
| 2003-05-12 |
First day with over 2,700,000 queries
|
| 2003-05-06 |
First day with over 2,600,000 queries
|
|---|
2003-03-18 |
New version of dictQuery features categorisation of results and 'more'
function; spelling tolerance now displays links to forum discussions
containing the search term.
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| 2003-03-12 |
First day with more than 2,500,000 queries :-)
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| 2003-02-12 |
First day with more than 2,400,000 queries
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| 2003-02-10 |
Spelling Tolerance: single link per expression instead of linking of single words in results; 'Other helpers' expanded to include links to
useful discussions in the forum.
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| 2003-01-15 |
First step in revising Forum and Archive: discussions older than three months are moved to the archive, redesign of archive including access to articles by key word and start date.
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| 2003-01-15 |
Just one day after the 2,2 million were reached: First day with more than
2,3 million queries!
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| 2003-01-14 |
First day with more than 2,200,000 queries
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| 2003-01-13 |
Improvement of spelling tolerance to comprise multiple vowels and consonants; use of dynamic hashing to optimise response time
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| 2002-11-19 |
Additional information on 'Phrasal Verbs' added in cooperation
with Englishpage.com
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| 2002-11-12 |
First day with more than 2,100,000 queries
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| 2002-10-23 |
First day with more than 2,000,000 queries
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| 2002-10-21 |
Launch of 'dictQuery' on a SUN Blade 1000, dual processor 750 Mhz,
with 2GB RAM
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| 2002-10-15 |
First day with more than 1,900,000 queries
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| 2002-09-20 |
Additional information on pronunciation, definitions and etymology
of English words added in cooperation with
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate(R) Dictionary
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| 2002-09-17 – 2002-10-21 |
Implementation and testing of 'dictQuery' on a multi-processor machine,
since the previous server had come to its limits with 65 queries per second
during peak times.
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| 2002-09-17 |
First day with more than 1,800,000 queries
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| 2002-09-04 |
First day with more than 1,700,000 queries
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| 2002-07-17 |
New version of the dictionary featuring weighting of results, spelling and
special characters tolerance and further links.
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| 2002-05-23 |
New version of the forum with optimized performance and new
sorting functions for forum articles.
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| 2002-05-16 |
Grouping of all dictionary tools in one central sidebar option,
replacing the former point "Bookmarklet".
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| 2002-04-27 |
Redesign of statistics graphs using PHP to eliminate Browser-dependent inconsistencies of the first draft.
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| 2002-04-24 |
First day with more than 1,600,000 queries |
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| 2002-04-09 |
First day with more than 1,500,000 queries |
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| 2002-04-08 |
The dictionary has grown to comprise 300,000 entries,
equalling 600,000 headwords in both translation directions.
|
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| 2002-02/2002-03 |
Integration of dictionary search in all relevant browsers, integration in
Windows via LION |
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| 2002-02-19 |
First day with more than 1,400,000 queries |
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| 2002-01-30 |
Integration of dictionary search form in Netscape and Mozilla sidebar |
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| 2002-01-21 |
First day with more than 1,300,000 queries |
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| 2002-01-09 |
Palmtop users can now access the dictionary with WebToGo |
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| 2001-11-27 |
First day with more than 1,200,000 queries |
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| 2001-11-06 |
First day with more than 1,100,000 queries |
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| 2001-09-24 |
Katrina Moorwood joins the dictionary team
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| 2001-09-19 |
Establishment of a Forum for discussing unsolved queries and difficult translations, as well as general questions concerning linguistics and the dictionary |
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| 2001-09-12 |
First day with more than 1,000,000 queries - click
here
for details |
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| 2001-08-21 |
First day with more than 900,000 queries |
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| 2001-07-01 |
New, shorter encoding of hyperlinks enables linked results as default option |
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| 2001-05-21 |
Launch of the new version of dictQuery, offering linked results and
German Morphology; revision of the various dictionary pages |
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| 2001-05-15 |
First day with more than 800,000 queries |
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| 2001-04-10 |
First day with more than 700,000 queries |
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| 2001-04-01 |
Translator Verena Nutzinger joins our team |
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| 2001-01-23 |
First day with more than 600,000 queries |
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| 2000-11-28 |
First day with more than 500,000 queries |
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| 2000-10-24 |
Redesigning of the dictionary pages and scripts |
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| 2000-10-17 |
Andreas Paul provides the statistics page for the dictionary |
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| 2000-09-12 |
First day with more than 400,000 queries |
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| 2000-07-13 |
Quitted all mirror sites with regard to own spectacular performance
(more than
320,000 hits per day) |
| 2000-06-27 |
First day with more than 300,000 queries |
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| 2000-05-15 |
The vocabulary is now revised by our experts Vanessa Dennig (till 01-01-31),
Sybille Frank, Irina Maximtscheva and Verena Nutzinger (till 01-03-31, now permanently working on the dictionary).
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| 2000-04-15 |
Suspension of the WAP interface until upgrade of dictQuery to multi
protocol functionality |
| 2000-02-08 |
New dictionary server dictQuery
fully installed: fast search engine providing German Umlaut output |
| 2000-01-10 |
Beta testing of dictQuery |
| 1999-12-17 |
Elmar Bartel is developing and testing a new dictionary server
(dictQuery) |
| 1999-12-01 |
E-Mail interface switched off. |
| 1999-11-03 |
WAP-Interface (beta) installed for a temporary test |
| 1999-02-01 |
The dictionary runs on a new 2-processor SUN machine |
| 1997-06-16 |
An email interface provides access to the database via electronic mail.
|
| 1997-05-22 |
Marc Sihling looks up vocabulary requests and maintains the list of
unresolved queries. |
| 1997-04-24 |
New mirror Servus providing
LEO English<->German Dictionary in adjoining Austria |
| 1997-02-27 |
Creation of this about-page of LEO English<->German Dictionary. |
| 1997-02-00 |
Now there is another mirror site: i-Connect |
| 1997-02-03 |
Browse now the Collection of Dictionaries
especially for other languages than German<->English, maintained
by Mike Gendreyzig. (No longer available) |
| 1997-01-00 |
Got new server for faster access. |
| 1997-01-08 |
Stephan Haslbeck is now taking care of the 200-word-lists. |
| 1996-03-29 |
Added a list of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ). |
| 1996-02-14 |
Mirror site rises at travlang in USA. |
| 1996-12-01 |
Mike Gendreyzig maintains the contributions and requests of vocabularies. |
| 1995-10-01 |
The dictionary is now maintained by Peter Kai Wimmer. |
| 1995-09-19 |
A guest-book is established. |
| 1995-08-05 |
First run of our dictionary service by Achim Jung. |
Functionality:
The text mode allows you to copy or type a text into the text field above and, by highlighting individual words or word strings with the mouse, send a query to the dictionary. The text mode thus offers an easy way to look up words from a document without having to type them individually into the search field. - The text mode offers no machine translation. Procedure: - Copy or type a text into the text field.
- Check the 'search direction' above the text field.
- Highlight one or several words with the mouse.
Further details on search results:- If you highlight an individual word the dictionary results will include translations for the word and all possible base forms. Words in texts are usually inflected, but the dictionary will generally only contain an entry for the base form of a word.
- If you highlight a string of words, the results in the dictionary will only include entries that contain at least half of the search words - therefore, it makes little sense to highlight a whole text. A search for an inflected word generally also returns results for other forms of the same base form (e.g. a search for "machst" also returns results for "machte").
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