'STIMMVIEH' AND 'VOTING CATTLE'
The completing fascicle of Volume 10, Section 2 of Grimm's
Deutsches Wörterbuch reached America by way of Russia just before the route from Germany through Russia was closed by war. It contains the word
Stimmvieh. By the express testimony of those who introduced this word to the German language, it is derived from the American
voting cattle.
Voting cattle is not yet in any dictionary that I know of, but we may hope that the DAE will be able to give it when it reaches the letter 'V.' I do not think the term had a long life in this country; I judge that it was found bad politics here to use contemptuous language about any class that has votes and was casting them; but in German it has become a standard term in the language of those who wish to speak contemptuously of democratic processes. Grimm quotes it from Nietzsche, and could have quoted it out of German anarchist-communist papers such as Most's
Freiheit, out of which it could also have cited the vigorous compound
Stimmviehfang in addition to the
Stimmviehgetreibe which it cites from Paul de Lagarde. Grimm's earliest testimony to the American phrase is dated 1857, but the additional information that it was said especially of recent immigrants to the United States is given in quotations dated 1861 and 1872, which gives the impression that at least two observers carried the term across the water. Probably American use of the term should be sought in the literature of the Know-Nothing movement. (Steven T. Byington, in:
American Speech, vol. 16, no. 4, December 1941, pp. 312–313)
http://woerterbuchnetz.de/DWB/?lemma=stimmvieh