charging station(s)
wenn ich das richtig verstehe

Yes, charging stations.

Aber wie heißt nun die Ladeinfrastruktur? Supply infrastructure? Charging infrastructure? Alles klingt seltsam

"Charging infrastructure" klingt gar nicht so seltsam. Vielleicht besser wäre "charging network"?

Ich hab's jetzt so gelöst: a network of charging stations will be created.

Ja, das hört sich noch besser an. ;-)

I don't think it sounds strange either - especially since you are immediately clarifying it in the second part of the sentence.

A charging infrastructure (or maybe "complex") is being built that will consist of charging stations set up in convenient locations for the user.

There's a plethora of alternatives, but on the whole the actual bit of infrastructure that provides the power is usually in the form of a post with the clever bits built in. Charging post is a term often used, while the place incorporating the parking bay and the charging post is called many things including charging station and charging bay.

... na ja, wenn man

aus 'Ladesäule' und 'Ladeinfrastruktur'
ein 'Aufladesäule' und 'Aufladeinfrastruktur'

machen würde, dann sähe ich 'recharging' ? . . .